Title	The Evaluation of an Experimental Artificial Reef for Marine Habitat Rehabilitation and the feasibility of using Stabilized Coal Combustion Solid Residues for Reef Construction
Year	1993-1996
Organization	The Swire Institute of Marine Science of the University of Hong Kong
Objective	To study: 1. Enhancement and aggregation effects, 2. Epibenthic colonization processes, 3. Structural integrity, trace element leaching and bio-accumulation
Study area	Hoi Ha Wan
Method	The artificial reef was formed by random placement of 1,000 half-metre cubic blocks, made of pulverized-fly-ash, in a heap, measuring 10m diameter at the base and 3m high. The reef was deployed in December 1993 and monitored for three years.
Results	1. Pulverized fly ash concrete was acceptable as an artificial reef building material. 2. Recruitment patterns and succession of the epifaunal assemblage affected by block orientation. 3. The deployed artificial reef did enhance abundance, biomass, diversity and species richness of fish. 4. The artificial reef was an effective fish aggregating device and will aggravate the overfishing problem in an open access system. 5. Artificial reefs for enhancement purposes should not be deployed in open access environment.